Space telegraphy.



PATENTED AUG. 16, 190

3. s, STONE. SPACE TELEGRAPHY.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 25, 1903.

Non 76?;985.

N0 MODEL.

N N BR- WwNrzssasat ntec? .ztugust 16, Tit/Ga SPACE TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,985, dated A g 16,1904. Application filed November 25, 1903. Serial No. 182,633. Nomodelat it known that l, .lous S'roNn Srosn, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Cambrhlge, in the county of Middlesex and.

State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement inSpace 'Ielegraphy,

of which the following is a specification.

signal-waves and to produce the indication of intelligible signals, Iemploya thermo-electric couplethrough which the energy of the electricoscillations developed in the receivingwire is led and is therebyconverted into heat, and this heat so developed causes a variation inthe thermo-electric couple, and thereby produces an indication in asuitable signal-indicating device.

The invention may be best understood by having reference to the drawingswhich accompany and form a part of this specification.

In the drawings, Figures 1, 2, and 3 indicate in diagramyariousembodiments of my invention, and Fig. 4 shows in section a detail ofconstruction hereinafter more fully described.

In the figures, V is an elevated receivingconductor connected to earthat E. C is a condenser. L L are inductanoes. B is a battery. (1 is agalvanometer o -her suitable signal-indicating device. T a telephone,and J is a thermo-electric ouple.

\ ln Figfl, Au and P25 represent two relatively large conductors of goldand platinum, and Au and Pt represent two exceedingly line wires orstrips ofgold and platinum forming the. thormo-electric couple J. Thetempcratl iro of the heated juncture J may be maintained by battery B ata temperature depending upon the position inthe thermo-electric scale ofthe materials employed in the construction of the thermo-elcctriccouple. The currents developed in the elevated conductor byelectromagnetic waves are led through the thcrmo-elcctric couple and bychanging the TQmDGItUUIQ thereof vary the electromotive force of thecouple, which produces an indication in the galvanometer (i or othersuitable signal-indicating device. The chokingcoils L L confine thesecurrents to the path containing the couple and prevent their passage toearth by way of the galvanomcter G and battery B.

In Fig. 2 the thermo-electrie couple J is connected in series with theresonant circuit C M L, which is attuned to the frequency of theelectromagnetic waves the energy of which is to be received.

In Fig. 3 is shown a system employing the thermo-electric couple inwhich no battery is used, but in which the telephone T or other suitablereceiver is connected across the terminals of the couple J by means ofconductors containing the choking-coils L'.

In the three systems illustrated the energy of the electromagnetic wavesis changed into heat, and the heat so developed causes the pro ductionof thermo-electromotive forces which causes a current to flow throughthe signalindicating device.

In Fig. 4 is shown one embodiment of a thermo-electric couple suitablefor the purpose herein described. This couple is con; structed byelectrolytically depositing platinum upon a fine gold wire, thendepositing gold in like manner upon the platinum, and repeating theprocess until a wire has been produced containing alternate lengths ofgold and platinum. This wire is then reduced to a very fine diameter andthe portions thereof immediately surrounding the alternate junctures ofgold and platinum are coated with an insulating lilm as, for-example, atihn of paraiiin. The wire at this stage is placed in a bath containinga silver salt and plated to a thickness considerably greater than itsdiameter with silver, as shown at Ag, Fig. 3. The completed couple willhave the appearance of a continuous wire, but when highly magnified willhave the appearance of the conductor illustrated in Fig. 4,consistingofa plurality of couples J in series, whereby thethermoelectromotive force developed by the heat generated by theoscillatory currents which pass through the series of couples isamplilied in proportion to the number of couples employed.

An apparatus whereby the herein-described method may be carried out hasbeen claimed in my application, Serial No. 18 L282, filed December 8,1903.

I claim-- 1. The method of receiving space-telegraph signals whichconsists in absorbing the energy of electroniagnetic signal-Waves,conveying the energy of the resulting electric oscillations to athermo-electric couple and operating a signal-indicating device by thethern-1o-electric currents developed by said couple.

2. The method ofreceiving space-telegraph signals which consists inabsorbing the energy 0t electromagnetic signal-waves, converting thedissipative energy of the resulting electric oscillations into heat andutilizing the energy of the heat so produced to develop electriccurrents in a suitable signal-indicating device.

3. The method of receiving space-telegraph signals which consists inabsorbing the energy of electromagnetic signalwaves by an elevatedconductor, amplifying the resulting electric oscillations by means of aresonant circuit attuned to the frequency of said waves, converting thedissipative energy of the amplified oscillations into thermal energy,conre'aeee l verting the thermal energy into the energy of electriccurrents and thereby operating a suitable signal indicating device. a

4. Themcthod of receiving space-telegraph signals which consists inabsorbing the energy of electromagnetic signal-waves, conveying theenergy of the resulting electric oscillations to a thermo-electriccouple, elevating the normal temperature of said thermo-electric couple,converting the energy of said electric oscillations into heat by meansof the thermoelectric couple and operating a signal-indicating device bythe thermo-electric currents thereby developed.

5. The method of receiving space-telegraph signals which consists inabsorbing the energy of electromagnetic signal-Waves, conveying theenergy of the resulting electrical oscillations to a thermo-electriccouple, regulating the temperature of said thermo-electric couple inaccordance with the position in the thermoelectric scale of the elementsforming said thermo-electric couple, converting the energy of saidelectrical oscillations into thermal energy at the thermo-electriccouple and operating a signal-indicating device by the thermoelectriccurrents thereby developed.

ln testimony whereof i have hereunto subscribed my name this 24th day ofNovember,

JOHN STONE STONE. \Vitn esses:

Ur. A. Hioeins, BRAINERD T. JUDKINs.

